Theme: The Evolution of Japan and Sino-Japanese Relations under the Western Shocks in Modern Times
Speaker: Song Chengyou is a professor and doctoral supervisor in the Department of History, Peking University.
Organizer: Puppet Manchu Palace Museum
Co-sponsored: School of Literature, Jilin University, School of Political Science and Law, Northeast Normal University, School of History and Culture, College of Foreign Languages and Computer Science, Changchun University of Technology, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering and School of Economic Management, College of Foreign Languages, Changchun University of Technology, College of Cultural and Creative Industries, Changchun Institute of Architecture / Jilin Provincial Chronicle Compilation Committee/Changchun Museum Alliance Unit
Lecture time: 13:30 p.m. on June 5, 2019
Lecture venue: Academic lecture hall on the second floor of Northeast Occupied History Exhibition Hall, Puppet Manchuria Palace Museum
Guest Profile:
Mr. Song Chengyou graduated from the Department of History, Peking University in 1969. He has been the Director of Northeast Asia Research Institute, Department of History, Peking University, and the Director of World History Research Department. He is also a professor and doctoral supervisor. Now he is honorary president of Japan History Society of China and Korea History Research Society of China, honorary director of Northeast Asia Research Institute of Peking University, deputy director of Japan Studies and Korea Research Center of Peking University.
Professor Song Youcheng
Mr. Song Chengyou's main research fields are Japanese history, Korean history and Northeast Asian history. He has successively presided over and undertook many major national projects, such as "the study of the history of international relations in Northeast Asia after the war", "the theory of modern Japanese history", "the study of the process of globalization". He has written and published "New History of Japan", "History of Sino-Korean Relations (Modern Volume),"Introduction to the Study of the History of Northeast Asia","Traditional System of International Relations in Ancient Northeast Asia". He has published more than 100 academic papers in his monographs such as Evolution, Post-war Japanese Diplomatic History and so on.
Review of the Forum:
Since modern times, China and Japan have faced similar historical circumstances, but their historical development trajectories are quite different. Japan realized its modernization transformation through Meiji Reform, and quickly embarked on the road of foreign aggression and expansion; China was reduced to a semi-feudal and semi-colonial society, and had been struggling to save the nation from extinction. Faced with the same impact from the West, why did China and Japan embark on different historical paths? On the afternoon of June 5, Professor Song Chengyou, Doctoral Tutor and Professor of History Department of Peking University, was invited to give a special academic lecture on "Evolution of Japan and Sino-Japanese Relations under the Western Shocks in Modern Times" at the Changchun Wenbo Forum sponsored by the Puppet Manchuria Palace Museum.
Mr. Song Chengyou
In 1543, a wrecked Portuguese merchant ship drifted to the Seed Island in southern Japan. The Portuguese landed in Japan for the first time, bringing the "iron cannon" of the gun. In 1549, Jesuit missionary Sha Beiluo came to Kyushu, met the local name, was baptized and led the people into Catholicism, becoming the "name of Chechidan". In 1582, Oda died in a mutiny, which Toyoshi Sugi inherited. In 1585, Fengchen Xiuji Ren Guanbai completed the reunification in 1590, and then started the war, in order to make Daming "more than 400 prefectures to make full use of the customs of my dynasty". In 1592 and 1597, Feng Chen and Xiuji sent troops to Korea twice, and proposed the plan of occupying China by divisions. It can be said that Japan's "continental policy" of occupying Korea, attacking China, sweeping Southeast Asia and coveting India originated in Hideki Toyoshi.
In 1774, the rise of orchidology in Japan, which deals with medicine, astronomy, mathematics, physics, chemistry and military science in Western Europe, was discussed. The rise of Lanxue and the accumulation of talents determine the victory or defeat of the modernization competition between China and Japan in the future. Based on the lessons learned from the defeat of the two Opium Wars in the Qing Dynasty, the shogunate adopted the policy of avoiding war, contracting and opening Hong Kong, and successively carried out the reform of the shogunate administration during the years of Anzheng (1854-1857), Wenchang (1861-1863) and Qingying (1865-1867). It put forward the policies and objectives of reproduction, prospering the country and strengthening the army, and establishing a modern country side by side with all nations as the Meiji. Prepare for a rainy day.
During the Meiji Restoration (1868-1889), in politics, the monarchy was restored to the ancients and the Mikado system was established, in ideology, the national gods and emperors were created, and the national forces were united; in economy, culture and education, the modernization reform was promoted; and in military affairs, the modern army and Navy were formed to wait for foreign invasion. The reciprocal relationship stipulated in the Sino-Japanese Amendment Regulations in 1871 was transformed by the signing of the Treaty of Marguan in 1895 into the unequal relationship between slaughter and slaughter, oppression and oppression, aggression and aggression. The huge indemnities plundered by China provided a tremendous impetus for Japan's first industrial revolution. However, China was burdened with huge debts, encountering frontier crises and deepening national crises. The gap between the two countries in development and development was decisively widened.
In 1894, the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894, 1904, and 1914, Japan participated in the First World War (the 10th World War). Through the rise of force, Japan took three major steps to become a world power. In 1931, Japan made the "September 18th" Incident, invaded the Northeast and encroached on North China. In 1937, it launched a full-scale war of aggression against China, putting the Chinese nation at "the most dangerous time", awakening the whole nation and persisting in the War of Resistance. In 1941, Japan ventured to wage the Pacific War and, under the joint attack of its allies, surrendered. The Japanese Empire collapsed at the same time as the Greater East Asian Co-prosperity Circle. In 1945, the anti-fascist allies defeated the Axis powers and Japan surrendered.
After World War II, the United States occupied Japan by itself and carried out non-militaristic and democratic reforms. Japan surrendered to occupation for the first time in its history, with unprecedented impact, and was forced to undergo a comprehensive evolution in accordance with the national interests and policy principles of the United States: politically, disbanding the army, police and gendarmerie, arresting and interrogating Class A war criminals, and dismantling the components of the Great Japanese Empire. Enactment of a new constitution: